October 14, 2025 | 08:39 pm
TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - The Deputy of Meteorology at the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), Guswanto, explained that the currently hotter air temperature is due to the sun's shift towards the southern part of Indonesia. He noted that the ideal average maximum temperature for urban regions is 31-34 degrees Celsius, a range recently exceeded by recorded temperatures.
"The sun has now shifted to the southern part of Indonesia. This is also causing a decrease in the growth of rain clouds," Guswanto stated when speaking to the media at the Ministry of Forestry office on Monday, October 13, 2025, as quoted by Antara.
Minimal Cloud Cover and Rainfall
Previously, the BMKG recorded peak temperatures in several Indonesian cities. Last Monday, the maximum temperature in some areas reached 35 degrees Celsius.
Temperatures across several areas on Java Island, including Serang, Semarang, Yogyakarta, and Surabaya, also ranged from 32-35 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
Guswanto continued that the minimal growth of clouds reduces the natural barrier against sunlight exposure. This direct sunlight, particularly during the day, significantly increases the air temperature.
Referring to BMKG's records, Indonesia was actually supposed to have entered the rainy season since August. However, according to Guswanto, the start of the rainy season did not occur simultaneously across all regions. Jakarta and its surrounding areas are among those that have not yet begun the wet season.
If there are no anomalies, all regions in Indonesia should have entered the rainy season starting in November 2025. The BMKG predicts that several areas, including North Sumatra and the central part of Java, will experience extreme weather, such as heavy rain and strong winds, over the next week.
"Later in December, January, and February, the rainy season will be simultaneous," Guswanto confirmed.
Tropical Cyclones Intensify Heat
Erma Yulihastin, a researcher from the Climate and Atmosphere Research Center of the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), noted that extreme hot weather could cause the air temperature to reach 38 degrees Celsius in some locations. These high-temperature conditions are predicted to persist until the end of October.
"This is happening because of the minimal cloud coverage over Java Island and southern Indonesia," she explained in a written statement on Tuesday, October 14, 2025.
Erma further explained that the formation of two tropical cyclone seeds in the north, NAKRI in the Philippine Sea and 96W in the Pacific Ocean near northern Papua, has caused a shift in the concentration of convective clouds toward the northern equatorial region.
"As a result, the southern equatorial region has minimal clouds, especially in the morning and afternoon," she concluded.
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