TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - An emergency meeting between Thailand and Cambodia, mediated by Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim in his capacity as ASEAN Chair, yielded several significant agreements on Monday, July 28, 2025.
The meeting in Putrajaya was attended by Thai Acting Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai and Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet.
Here are the seven key points of the negotiation:
1. Immediate and Unconditional Ceasefire
Thailand and Cambodia agreed to an immediate and unconditional ceasefire, effective from 24:00 local time on July 28, 2025. This critical initial step aims to de-escalate tensions and restore regional stability.
Prime Minister Hun Manet and Acting PM Phumtham Wechayachai "have expressed their positions and willingness for immediate ceasefire and return to normalcy," said Anwar Ibrahim during a press conference.
2. Meeting of Military Commanders at the Border
On Tuesday, July 29, 2025, at 07:00 local time, regional commanders from both countries are scheduled to hold an informal meeting. Thailand will be represented by commanders of Military Regions 1 and 2, while Cambodia will send representatives from Military Regions 4 and 5.
If mutually agreed, this meeting will be followed by defense attaché representatives from ASEAN countries, led by Malaysia as the ASEAN Chair.
3. General Border Committee Meeting (GBC)
Thailand and Cambodia also agreed to hold a General Border Committee (GBC) meeting on August 4, 2025. This meeting will take place in Cambodia.
4. ASEAN Monitoring of Ceasefire
The Foreign and Defense Ministers of Malaysia, Thailand, and Cambodia have been tasked with designing detailed mechanisms to monitor the ceasefire's implementation, verification, and reporting.
"This mechanism will serve as a foundation for sustained peace and accountability," said Anwar.
Malaysia also expressed its readiness to coordinate observer teams and will consult with other ASEAN member countries regarding participation in field monitoring efforts.
5. Normalization of Communication Among Leaders
As part of efforts to rebuild trust, both countries agreed to maintain direct communication channels between their respective Prime Ministers, Foreign Ministers, and Defense Ministers.
6. Support from the United States and China
This diplomatic breakthrough was also facilitated by active engagement from the United States and China. U.S. President Donald J. Trump reportedly contacted the leaders of Thailand and Cambodia to encourage a peaceful resolution.
"I also extended my deep appreciation to Donald Trump for his decisive mediation on 26th July, 2025," said Hun Manet.
The Chinese government was also noted for its continuous communication with relevant countries to promote dialogue and conflict cessation.
7. Humanitarian Impact and Hopes for Recovery
Hun Manet highlighted the conflict's humanitarian toll, citing casualties, injuries, and mass displacement. Approximately 300,000 people have been affected: 140,000 in Cambodia and 160,000 in Thailand.
"We hope that the solution just announced by PM Anwar will serve as the basis for further bilateral talks to restore normal relations and reduce future military tensions," said Hun Manet.
Phumtham Wechayachai added that Thailand is committed to a peaceful resolution while upholding its sovereignty and the safety of its citizens. "We are committed to this ceasefire in good faith, with confidence that both sides will act with sincerity," he affirmed.
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