TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - Obtaining citizenship can be a complex and time-consuming process in many parts of the world, often involving long periods of residency, language proficiency, and bureaucratic hurdles.
However, some countries offer more accessible pathways to citizenship, either through simplified naturalization processes or descent-based eligibility that recognizes ancestry up to several generations back.
Citing a report from International Living as quoted by Forbes, here is a list of countries that are considered among the easiest for acquiring citizenship:
1. Argentina
Argentina has one of the shortest naturalization periods globally, requiring just two years of legal residence. Applicants must show a meaningful connection to the country, such as employment, property ownership, or family ties. The process is generally straightforward and open to many foreign residents.
2. Peru
Peru also requires only two years of residency before one can apply for citizenship. The application process is relatively simple compared to other Latin American countries, and Peru’s affordable cost of living makes it a popular destination for expatriates and retirees.
3. Ecuador
In Ecuador, foreigners may apply for citizenship after three years of legal residence. The country is known for its welcoming immigration policies, political stability, and consistent economic growth. Ecuador also offers various visa options, making it easier to establish long-term residency.
4. Paraguay
Paraguay grants citizenship after just three years of residence, with fewer bureaucratic requirements than many other nations. The investment needed to establish residency is minimal, and the government does not heavily scrutinize applicants, making it one of the more accessible countries in South America.
5. Italy
Italy offers citizenship by descent, recognizing ancestral claims even if the connection goes back several generations. While the documentation process can be lengthy and complex, successful applicants gain access to an EU passport and the benefits of European Union residency and mobility.
6. Ireland
Ireland allows people to apply for citizenship if they have a grandparent or even great-grandparent born in the country. The process is generally faster and more streamlined than in many other countries, especially for those with clear genealogical evidence.
7. Hungary
Hungarian citizenship is available to individuals of Hungarian descent. Applicants must demonstrate lineage and pass a basic language test. The country offers one of the more expedited processes for reclaiming ancestral nationality within Europe.
8. Poland
Poland recognizes claims to citizenship up to the great-grandparent level. Although applicants must present strong documentary evidence, the benefit of acquiring EU citizenship makes the effort worthwhile for many.
9. Portugal
Portugal provides citizenship to direct descendants and to Sephardic Jews with Portuguese ancestry. This policy is among Europe’s most inclusive, allowing a wide range of people to reconnect with historical roots while gaining full EU rights.
10. Spain
Spain also extends citizenship rights to descendants of Sephardic Jews and individuals with Spanish-born parents. However, its requirements tend to be stricter, particularly for those whose ancestry is beyond the immediate generation.
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