TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - The Indonesian parliament ratified the Agrarian Reform Regulation Law on Tuesday, September 22, 2026, during a plenary session led by Deputy House Speaker Sufmi Dasco Ahmad.
The regulation is adopted to resolve the chain of agrarian conflicts and law ownership inequality that has persisted for decades, according to Deputy Speaker of the DPR Legislative Body Iman Sukri.
The regulation, he added, was created to fulfill the mandate of the Basic Agrarian Law and MPR Decree No. IX/MPR/2001, which have not yet been realized in a unified regulation. Land ownership inequality, he said, has long put vulnerable groups in disadvantaged positions, including farmers, laborers, fishers, women, and indigenous communities.
"This situation demands a strong and comprehensive legal basis so that agrarian reform can be implemented in a planned, measured, and sustainable manner. This is to achieve agrarian justice, legal certainty, and prosperity for the Indonesian people," said the National Awakening Party politician.
Deliberations on this regulation have been ongoing following a Presidential Letter dated September 14, 2026, appointing representatives from various ministries to analyze 596 issues on the problem inventory list (DIM). The Legislation Body solicited public input from 55 entities, including academics, civil society organizations, business actors, and relevant ministries.
Based on the results of the formulation by the working committee and synchronization team, the Agrarian Reform Regulation Bill establishes 15 main substantive materials, consisting of:
1. Regulations on the implementation of agrarian reform through the state's right to control to guarantee the fulfillment, restoration, and recognition of people's rights to land and other agrarian resources.
2. Regulations on agrarian reform planning through a roadmap containing policy directions, targets, stages, priorities, implementation strategies, and performance indicators.
3. Regulations on priority locations for agrarian reform along with criteria and mechanisms for determining them, including those based on disproportionate land control and ownership, agrarian conflicts, abandoned land, poverty, absentee land, and control exceeding the maximum limit.
4. Regulations on the objects of agrarian reform include land originating from the resolution of agrarian conflicts and non-agrarian conflicts, as well as prioritized agrarian reform subjects.
5. Strengthening institutions implementing agrarian reform with the authority to plan, implement, supervise, and resolve agrarian conflicts.
6. Establishing a supervisory board to ensure transparency, participation, accountability, and effectiveness in the implementation of agrarian reform.
7. Establishing mechanisms for resolving agrarian conflicts effectively, transparently, and equitably.
8. Strengthening the restoration of land rights, land redistribution, providing legal certainty for land rights, and empowering agrarian reform subjects.
9. Strengthening legal protection and preventing new agrarian conflicts.
10. Regulating the arrangement, control, and limitation of land control and ownership to prevent land concentration and reconcentration, and ensuring equitable distribution of land control and ownership.
11. Strengthening meaningful community participation in resolving agrarian conflicts, restoring land rights, redistributing land, and empowering agrarian reform participants.
12. Strengthening data systems, reporting, and accountability for agrarian reform implementation, including integrating conflict resolution and agrarian reform implementation results into a single database.
13. Regulations on funding for agrarian reform implementation.
14. Regulations on criminal provisions and transitional provisions to ensure the sustainability, compliance, and effectiveness of agrarian reform implementation.
15. Regulations regarding annual performance reports and agrarian reform implementation reports to the President and the House of Representatives.
Read: Why Did Agrarian Conflicts in Indonesia Escalate Under Jokowi's Presidency?
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